ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nasal polyps are a condition of uncertain etiology. Cytokines are thought to play a role in nasal polyps in vitro, but in vivo studies on the patterns of cytokine expression in nasal polyps have been limited. The aim of the present study is to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of nasal polyps by defining the patterns of expression of cytokine mRNA and p53 in the nasal mucosa of patients with nasal polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This objective was supported by performing RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) for IL-2, INF-gamma (T1 cytokine), IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13 (T2 cytokine), TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and p53. RESULTS: Observation of the nasal polyps indicated significant increases in mRNA for T2 cytokines and p53 over controls. The expressions of IL-10 and IL-13 mRNA in the nasal mucosa of non-allergic patients were stronger than in that of allergic patients. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that the pathogenesis of nasal polyps is associated with T2 cytokines and p53.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cytokines , Interleukin-10 , Interleukin-13 , Interleukin-2 , Interleukin-5 , Interleukin-8 , Nasal Mucosa , Nasal Polyps , Polyps , RNA, Messenger , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaABSTRACT
The mucociliary system has primary defence mechanism in the respiratory tract. The effects of various drugs used clinically in the treatment of disease of the nasal cavity have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha1 receptor agonist, phenylephrine hydrochloride on ciliary beat frequency in vitro using a video computerized analysis technique. The ciliated epithelial cells from the nasal mucosa in four volunteers were collected in a culture medium and exposed to 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution according to 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, and 6 days. There was a significant decrease in ciliary beat frequency with exposure to 0.125% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution for 12 hours, and 0.25% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution for 8 hours(p<0.05). There were cilioinhibitory effects with concentration dependent response by phenylephrine hydrochloride solution. After substitution of the culture medium with phenylephrine hydrochloride free one showed no ciliary recovery in all groups. The results of this study suggest that phenylephrine hydrochloride may have phamacologically a cilioinhibitory effect in vitro on ciliated epithelium.